Breast cancer is cancer that develops in tissues of the breast mainly in the inner lining of the milk ducts or lobules, which provide milk for pipes. Depending on the location they are known as ductal carcinoma, if in the milk ducts or lobular carcinoma, which originated in the Marmalade. Breast cancer is also classified as hormone positive or negative cancer hormone, which is based on their sensitivity to hormones like estrogen and progesterone.
The options available for treatment of breast cancer depends on the type of breast cancer and intermediate results. Staging is the process in which the spread of the disease and its gradual expansion is defined. Although it is the most common type is not skin cancer in women and is considered a Fatal type of cancer, there are many options for advanced breast cancer treatment that can help treat the disease, if detected early.
Treatment plan for breast cancer
After being diagnosed with cancer, doctors assess the pathology and form a plan that would suit the type of cancer and stage of the disease. Modes of treatment aimed at reducing the spread of the disease, destruction of diseased cells and reducing the chance of recurrence. Practitioners will prefer one or several treatment options based on the patient's medical condition they may evaluate periodically.
Types of treatments for breast cancer
Available treatments are generally classified as standard methods and clinical methods. Standard methods are those that are currently for the treatment of breast cancer, clinical trials are the ones that are currently being tested for better results. Standard methods for the treatment of breast cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy and radiation treatments.
Surgical approach to the treatment of breast cancer
Surgery is one of the potential options to remove cancer cells from the body. The entire breast or partial part of the breast is removed dependent on the level of distribution and phase of the disease. Based on the level of functioning, who is obliged to remove cancer cells, offices, operating on three type, as shown below.
* Save breast surgery is surgery which removes only part containing breast cancer and not of the breast. If the operation requires the removal of just a small amount of breast tumor and tissue, it is known as Lumpectomy or known as partial mastectomy if it includes removing partial volume of a breast along with large numbers of normal tissues. These kinds of surgery can also include the removal of the lymph nodes under the arm, which are used for biopsy. Such Dissection made together with surgery or after it is known as lymph node Dissection.
* Total mastectomy-this type of surgery to remove the whole breast, which infected cancer cells. It also requires the removal of lymph nodes from the standpoint of biopsy.
* Modified radical mastectomy is surgery that removes a large part to get rid of cancer cells. Full chest affected by cancer along with some of the lymph nodes under the arm and chest muscles lining is removed, the process of surgery. In some cases even part of the chest wall muscles, which are deleted when the operation.
* Radical mastectomy-this operation removes the full breast, chest wall muscles and all of the lymph nodes under the arm. This type of surgery to treat breast cancer is also called the Halsted radical mastectomy.
These rooms can also be accompanied by other types of treatments for breast cancer like chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or radiation therapy to kill any presence of cancer cells. Such treatment to help prevent a recurrence of cancer known as adjuvant therapy. Some patients may also consider breast implants for breast reconstruction after mastectomy shapes are removed.
Chemotherapy
This treatment helps in killing cancer cells or prevents their expansion on the internal administration of drugs. Path of medicines can be either through the blood stream, which is distributed throughout the body, which is known as systemic chemotherapy or directly placed in cerebrospinal fluid or any specific body, known as chemotherapy.
Hormone therapy
This kind of treatment of breast cancer involves the introduction of substances that negate the hormones that induce cancerous growth. Estrogen is known to cause an increase in breast cancer in certain cases. One method of treatment involves preventing the ovaries of the secreting hormones estrogen, and this method is called ovarian ablation. Hormone therapy includes use of aromatase inhibitor, which reduces the secretion of estrogen in the body. Aromatase inhibitors are given for breast cancer hormone-dependent who are post-menopausal stage, while tamoxifen is used in cases of metastatic breast cancer. Aromatase inhibitors are also generally used as a means of adjuvant therapy after continued use of tamoxifen for two years or more.
Radiation therapy
High-energy x-rays in general are used as an alternative to drugs kill cancer cells and prevent their growth.
Targeted therapy
Another type of treatment that helps to destroy cancer cells without harming normal cells called targeted therapies. Targeted therapies used to treat breast cancer usually of two types, monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase.
* Monoclonal antibodies-antibodies, such substances that are produced from one type of immune cell that has the potential to identify and destroy cancer cells. They are also sometimes used for the transport of toxins or drugs into cancer cells to bring the effective destruction of cells. Trastuzumab (Herceptin ®) is a monoclonal antibody used to treat breast cancer. This method can be clubbed together with chemotherapy as adjuvant therapy.
* Tyrosine kinase-these signals block medicines which are needed to support the growth of tumors and generally used in combination with other anticancer drugs. Lapatjnib is one of such inhibitor, which helps block HER2 proteins inside cancer cells and effectively used to treat breast cancer HER2-positive.
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